Pinhole photography is another one of those "where does it go" processes - is it alternative or just lazy? Image making without a lens is nothing new. The basic principle has been around for centuries: a small hole in a box will allow an inverted image of the scene outside the box to be projected on the wall opposite the hole. A pinhole camera simply places a piece of film or photo paper on that wall in order to capture the image. Since there is no real point of focus and the exposures are generally long, the images tend to have a dreamy, surreal quality. Cheap "toy" cameras can also be used for surreal effects - the image at the bottom right was taken with a plastic lensed camera made in 1948. Lots of fun.